Shares, shareholders & voting · Core
Certificate of incorporation
Also called: corporate charter
ELI5
A formation or charter document establishing a corporation under applicable law.
Used in conversation
“Keep certificate of incorporation on the dashboard, but show the definition and reporting period beside it.”
Pitch context
You will see “Certificate of incorporation” in board papers, contracts, policies, risk registers and compliance reports when the discussion reaches shares, shareholders & voting.
Why it matters: In shares, shareholders & voting, a loose definition can change rights, obligations, approval, disclosure or enforceability.
Caution
Meaning, enforceability and required process vary by jurisdiction and agreement; this definition is not legal advice.
Sources & evidence · 4
Direct term-level sources and supporting source families.
- OECD — G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2023Direct source · institutional · checked 2026-08-16
- U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission — Small Business Capital Formation GlossaryDirect source · primary · checked 2026-08-16
- U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission — EDGAR and filing resourcesDirect source · primary · checked 2026-08-16
- National Institute of Standards and Technology — Computer Security Resource Center GlossarySupporting source family · primary · checked 2026-08-16